Бондаренко В. В.
Учебное пособие по английскому языку
«Основы делового общения на уроках английского языка»
Бондаренко В.В. Основы делового общения на уроках английского языка –
Омск: БПОУ ОО «ОКОТСиТ», 2019.
Учебное пособие составлено в соответствии с ФГОС СПО и примерной программой по дисциплине «Английский язык». В учебное пособие включены тексты, диалоги и грамматические упражнения с использованием деловой лексики. Тексты объединены тематически и дают представление об основных правилах ведения разговора в разничных ситуациях делового общения.
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов II и III курсов для всех специальностей транспортного отделения колледжа и может быть использовано для широкого круга лиц, изучающих английский язык с целью повышения уровня владения языком международного общения.
© Омский колледж отраслевых технологий строительства и транспорта, 2019
Содержание
| Пояснительная записка………………………………………………………………4 |
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| Lesson 1. About Myself. Plural………………………………………………….…….6 |
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| Lesson 2. At the museum. The possessive voice……………………………………….8 |
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| Lesson 3. Shopping. Some, any, no…………………………………………….……..11 |
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| Lesson 4. At the rail way. Something, anything, nothing, everything…………………14 |
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| Lesson 5. At the airport. Pronouns………………………………………………...….16 |
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| Lesson 6. At the hotel. Types of sentences…………………………………………….19 |
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| Lesson 7. Banking. Somewhere, anywhere, nowhere или everywhere………………..22 |
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| Lesson 8. Around the city. Much or many…………………………………………….23 |
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| Lesson 9. Countries and nations. Little or few…………………………………….…..26 |
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| Lesson 10. Daily routine. Much, many, little or few…………………………………..28 |
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| Приложение «Деловая переписка»………………………………………………...52 |
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| Библиография…………………………………………………………………….….61 |
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Пояснительная записка
Предлагаемый материал может быть использован на уроках или в качестве составной части практико-ориентированного проекта. В зависимости от уровня подготовки студентов материал может быть введен на одном или нескольких занятиях с учетом того, что у студентов уже есть опыт работы с “деловой лексикой” (“деловым” английским языком).
Основные аспекты и цели обучения деловой лексики:
а. Учебно-практический аспект, когда студенты овладевают основами “делового” английского языка как средством общения и должны научиться им пользоваться в устной и письменной формах.
б. Воспитательный аспект обучения предполагает формирование нравственности, ответственности, деловой этики.
в. Развивающий аспект предполагает развитие умения общаться.
Обычно занятие делится на несколько этапов.
Первый этап – это чтение и перевод тематического текста.
Второй этап - это чтение по ролям предлагаемых диалогов и составление на их базе своих.
Третий этап – это выполнение грамматических упражнений с использованием деловой лексики.
Важно обратить внимание на употребление деловой лексики, умение правильно строить диалоги (не только с точки зрения употребления лексико-грамматического материала, но и с учетом делового этикета). Нельзя приступать к деловому разговору непосредственно после приветствия. Необходимо установить с партнером определенный дружеский контакт.
Обычно это так называемые “общие” или “светские” темы о погоде, общих знакомых, перелете, о визите в вашу страну (достопримечательности и т.п.). Необходимо помнить, что в разных странах процедура “светской беседы” на переговорах может быть различной. Для англичан эта часть переговоров естественна, т.к. для них в любом разговоре обычно первой темой является погода. Немцы, как правило, быстрее переходят к делу, а в странах Ближнего Востока начало встречи проходит более обстоятельно.
Употребляются такие слова и конструкции, как:
- How are you? (как дела/здоровье?)
- I’m fine, thank you. (спасибо, хорошо)
- Nice weather, isn’t it?
- I think (я думаю)
- I suppose (я полагаю), и т.д.
Общепринятые фразы, которые помогают перейти к деловой части:
- Let’s get down to business (приступим к делу)
- I believe we may get down to business (полагаю мы можем перейти к делу).
Учебное пособие включает в себя 19 блоков (lessons), в каждом из них тематический текст, примерные диалоги и грамматическое упражнение.
Четкая последовательность выполнения заданий уроков позволит студентам овладеть терминологией изучаемой темы, приобрести навыки ведения беседы, научиться составлению краткого изложения содержания текстов и диалогов. Работу над каждым блоком рекомендуется начинать с введения и последующего закрепления новых лексических единиц, данных в начале урока и имеющих непосредственное отношение к текстам урока. После работы над текстом и выполнения всех послетекстовых заданий для обеспечения работы над диалогом преподаватель может провести контроль лексического минимума по теме. Итогом каждого блока является умение студентов вести деловую беседу на элементарном уровне и умение составить свой диалог по данной теме. Прочитав текст, студент должен сказать, о чем идет речь. Понимание содержания текста проверяется при помощи перевода текстов. При переводе текстов можно обращаться к словарю.
Весь материал носит информативный характер, что повышает мотивацию изучения английского языка.
Lesson 1
About Myself
Read the text and translate it
I am a boy of seventeen. When I look at myself in the mirror I see a blond boy with short straight hair, dark eyes and a slender figure. As to my appearance I'm rather tall and slim.I like staying alone and sometimes I retreat into my shell. But at the same time I like my friends, I like to laugh and joke. I have got a sense of humour. It means I understand humour and appreciate it.
There are many things in our life I like and some I dislike. I like when everything is OK. Being happy is one way of being wise. I like to study because knowledge is useful sometimes. I'm fond of reading as it gives not only knowledge, but also wonderful moments of joy and pleasure.
I was born on the 25th of April 1995 in the town of Omsk where I live now together with my parents and my younger sister. I was sent to a kindergarten at the age of three as both my parents were working. As all the children of Russia I went to school at the age of seven. School for me was not only lessons and learning, I had a lot of friends there. We organized extra class activities such as parties and other social activities.
After the secondary school I entered the college. I like to read very much. Books help me to continue my own education. The time spent on a good book is never wasted. Reading is a rewarding pastime.
And of course I like music! I'm fond of music of the 60-s, like the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and Elvis Prestly. The songs of the Beatles give me a lot of delight and pleasure.Sometimes I play different sport games for health and pleasure. I usually play such games as volleyball, basketball, tennis, and sometimes football.
Dialogs
About myself1
1
- Hello, George. Pleased to meet you. How are you?
- Hi, Nick. I'm fine, thanks. And how are you?
- Thanks, not so well. - Спасибо, не очень.
2
- How do you do, Mr Brown? It's nice to meet you. I'm Dick Smith, your new student.
- How do you do, Nick. Glad to meet you too. Where are you from?
- I'm from Brighton.
3
- Hello, Kate. This is my friend, Fred Black.
- Hello, Fred. Glad to meet you. I'm Kate.
- Hello, Kate. How nice to meet you.
4
- Excuse me, Jack, what's your friend's name?
- His name is David.
- Where is he from?
- He is from Cardiff. Why?
- You see, I'm from Cardiff too. Best regards to him.
- Shall I introduce you to him?
- Do, please.
5
- Good - bye, Helen. Hope to see you again soon.
- Good - bye, John. Best regards to your sister.
- Thanks.
6
- Is Nick in, George? By the way , he is well, isn't he?
- Certainly, and he isn't in now, he is in London.
- Oh, my best regards to him. Bye, George.
7
- What is the name of your younger brother?
- John.
- Really? Fantastic, we both have a brother John by name.
- Why? John is such a popular name.
8
- Where were you born?
- In London. But my parents come from Manchester.
- How interesting! I come from Manchester too.
- Oh, it's a small world, isn't it?
9
- Well, Nora, I'd like to tell you something very secret.
- What is it? You know I like secrets very much.
- I'm breaking the promise, but father is going to present you with a video-camera for your birthday.
- Video-camera? Terrific! My dreams are coming true. Haven't we got kind parents, brother?
10
- Look Jake, have you got a family of your own?
- Oh, no, I'm not married yet. I live with my parents.
- Is your family large?
- I don't think so. My parents have got only two daughters.
- And which of you is the eldest?
- It's me. I'm twenty.
- How old is your younger sister? I wonder what her name is?
- Susan. She's a lovely girl. She is ten.
- It's a pleasure to have such a young sister, isn't it?
- Certainly. She's the apple of my eye.
11
- Tom, who is this good-looking, chestnut-haired young lady?
- Oh, it's my sister.
- And who is this pretty girl with rosy plump cheeks and a turned - up nose?
- It's her elder daughter, my niece.
- Well, you have such pleasant-looking relatives.
- Thank you.
12
- Which of those three boys is Peter Welkins?
- The tall one. -
- But they all three are tall.
- The tall one with long curly hair.
- And a moustache?
- That's right.
- Thank you.
13
- I hear Jane has lost her weight and looks awfully pretty.
- Oh, yes, you are right. But she is too thin now, I think. She should put on weight now.
- What are you talking about? All friends say she has never been so beautiful before.
14
- I say, Mike what do you think of Mr Black?
- As for me I don't like him. He is envious, obstinate, selfish and rude.
- Really? Are you sure?
- Certainly. We work in one and the same office.
15
- Oh, John, there you are at last. I'd like to speak to you about our new manager. Is he always generous, kind and sociable?
- Be careful, Max. If you are for him, he's a very good man, but he can be aggressive, cruel and even cunning.
- What makes you think so?
- He is my distant relative.
16
- Oh, Fred is so absent-minded.
- But he's kind, witty and so well-bred.
- Witty? His jokes are often very stupid. He always forgets what he can say and what he can't.
Grammar
Use the plural
1. This phone in the office is out of order. 2. That blouse is made of silk. 3. This is an excellent painting. 4. His book is very popular and it really interests me. 5. It's a difficult word to write. 6. My son is a journalist and he has been very successful. 7. This purse isn't made of leather. 8. That is my neighbour's car. 9. Has he got a camera? 10. It's a new cassette recorder. 11. This room is very large. 12. There is a match in the box. 13. Has this lady a knife? 14. There is a man and a woman in the street. 15. This lady is that gentleman's wife. 16. This shoe is too large for my foot. 17. The child is sitting on a bench. 18. My tooth is white. 19. This key is made of steel. 20. A potato is a vegetable and a cherry is a fruit. 21. This is my friend's study.
Lesson 2
At the museum
Read the text and translate it
The town I live in is not very large and there are no big galleries and museums in it. But we have a good Natural History Museum in our town.
Last week I was on an excursion there. First we listened to a lecture on the history of our region which was very interesting. Then a guide showed us the exposition of the museum. We walked through its halls looking at different stands with exhibits. There were ancient vases and coins, dishes and bowls, tools and arms. The guide told us about the origin and the age of the exhibits and answered our questions. The girls asked questions about national costumes and dishes and the boys were interested in arms.
The next hall was even more interesting. There we saw stuffed animals and birds. It was a small zoo of the region nature. There was also an aquarium full of different fish, tortoises and shells. The collection of minerals was interesting, too.
I have learned very much from my visit to the museum.
Dialogs
All those museums!
Tracy. What's eating you, Jack?
Jack. Ah! Never mind. Just a slight headache.
Rona. He is never well when museums are on the schedule.
J. The attic of the nation are all those museums, aren't they?
T. Take it easy Jack, relax.
J. If I could I would. It's annoying when you can't have fun from something, isn't it?
R. Fun? Museums are .educational establishments for advancing and diffusing knowledge. You are not expected to have fun with it like dog shows or flower exhibitions.
J. What a bore!
Henry. A picture gallery is no less enjoyable than a dog show. Stick to me, Jack, and you'll find it terrific, I promise you.
J. Do you? We shall see. (In the museum each visitor is offered a cassette player and earphones to listen to a recorded guide's commentary.)
Voice on the audio tape.
We are in the hall of colonial portraits of the National Portrait Gallery. The Permanent Collection of the Museum represents portraits of heroes and villains, thinkers and doers, conservatives and radicals. Most of them are taken from life-sittings. You will see George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, the artist Mary Cassatt... Голос на пленке.
J. Heavens, what sparkling eyes that lady on the colonial portrait has! And what a graceful pose! - Maggy. Isn't it lovely! Her face is gentle, she looks as if she was alive.
J. And the texture of her dress! It looks so soft and silky as if you could feel it with your hand. - А материал ее платья!
H. You like realist portraits, don't you?
J. What I really like about the 19th century ladies are their fashions and hairdos. They were gorgeous, weren't they?
Audio-loop voice.
You are standing before the portrait of Mrs Alexander Hamilton, painted in 1787 by Ralph Earl. Ralf Earl began his career as an artist on the eve of the American Revolution to become a painter of exceptional breadth and power. Earl captured on canvas the many faces of the young republic...
(In the National Museum of American Art.)
J. Seriously, I like pictures that are true to life, where every leaf and flower is depicted exactly.
Steve. Like in still life? Look, here is one by Raphaelle Peale. Flowers in a vase, watermelons, grapes and cherries. Doesn't it look nice?
J. Not at all! The peel of the grapes and cherries is so transparent that their juice seems ready to burst out. Wow, it makes me feel really hungry. Do we call this art realist, Henry?
H. Well, realist artists' ideal was a truthful account of what lay before their eyes and precise drawing of a landscape, a portrait or a record of those events around them.
Olivia. There is nothing like landscapes to me. I like nature depicted as mysterious and majestic. - H. You seem to like romanticism, don't you?
O. How can you tell a realist landscape from a romantic one?
J. I can tell you easily, Olivia. Wherever you see a romance on a picnic - it's romantic style.
O. Stop pulling my leg, Jack. I am serious.
H. Nature in romanticism is personified, it appears as a grand all-pervading force, indifferent to man but with a life of its own. Romantic artists used exaggerations: the hills and trees are higher, the sea is bluer than in real life. Artists stressed the rugged character of the country and the drama of contrasts.
O. Look at the "Cliffs of the Upper Colorado River" by Thomas Moran. They are fantastically magnificent beneath that formidable cloudy sky.
R. My god, it's perfectly great! It's even hard to say what these cliffs inspire in me: awe, delight, admiration or craving.
R. Why are you being so unbearable, Jack?
Ulaf. No hard feelings, guys. Look over there. That serene sea shore will make you feel better.
Albert. Let me read, Childe Hassam, "The South Ledges: Appledore, 1913".
Richard. Here the colours create a totally different mood, don't they? The rocks and blue water are flooded with sunlight. And the delicate white figure of a lady in the wide-brim hat conveys the spirit of leisure, harmony and optimism.
Frank. And I see the brushwork here is unlike those we have seen. The trace of the brush is left and the character of the work is rapid and sketch-like.
H. Naturally, another style - another expression. This is piece of impressionism. Impressionists sought to capture one instant in time.
J. The moment, stop! You are a wonder!
H. Right you are. Emphasis was placed on capturing the first impression of the subject, it was painted on the spot, in a state of great emotional excitement at the sight of a wonderful world.
J. That's just to my liking. Leisure and pleasure - what a treasure!
M. Just compare these works of the American Renaissance with modern art! I don't like it. It has neither sense nor content, only form which is distorted and ugly in most cases.
H. What's your idea of modern art? If you mean abstract art you are right, for it really rejects depicting real objects and phenomena. Abstractionists sought to express spontaneity and the unconscious aspect of creating by colour patches and lines.
R. And what about the African-American artist William H. Johnson? Remember him who gave in his pictures the story of the Negro as he had existed? His paintings remind me of children's drawings.
H. He is considered a primitivist, and has contributed much to American modernism.
Richard. Say, Henry, contemporary art doesn't only consist of modernists' works, does it?
H. Of course not. There are a great number of styles both of realistic and formalistic trends, and a great deal of masterpieces.
T. We'll see some of them in the Hishhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, I believe.
Grammar
Use the possessive voice
1. The ball of the dog. 2. The skateboard of that man. 3. The songs of the children. 4. The umbrella of my grandmother. 5. The room of my friend. 6. The questions of my son. 7. The wife of my brother. 8. The table of our teacher. 9. The poems of Pushkin. 10. The voice of this girl. 11. The new club of the workers. 12. The letter of Pete. 13. The car of my parents. 14. The life of this woman. 15. The handbags of these women. 16. The flat of my sister is large. 17. The children of my brother are at home. 18. The room of the boys is large. 19. The name of this girl is Jane. 20. The work of these students is interesting. 21. The computer of my son is modern. 22. He was a friend of my cousins.
Lesson 3
Shopping
Read the text and translate it
When we want to buy something we go to a shop. There are many kinds of shops in every town or city, buy most of them have a food supermarket, a department store, men’s and women’s clothing stores, grocery, a bakery and a butchery.
I like to do my shopping at big department stores and supermarkets. They sell various goods under one roof and this is very convenient. A department store, for example, true to its name, is composed of many departments: ready-made clothes, fabrics, shoes, sports goods, toys, china and glass, electric appliances, cosmetics, linen, curtains, cameras, records, etc. You can buy everything you like there.
In a food supermarket we can also buy many different things at once: sausages, fish, sugar, macaroni, flour, cereals, tea. At the butcher’s there is a wide choice of meat and poultry.. At the bakery you buy brown and white bread, rolls, biscuits. Another shop we frequently go to is the greengrocery which is stocked by cabbage, potatoes, onions, cucumbers, carrots, beetroots, green peas and what not. Everything is sold here ready-weighed and packed. If you call round at a dairy you can buy milk, cream, cheese, butter and many other products.
There is a very good service called Postal Market. It really helps you to save you time and get goods of high quality. You have just to look through a catalogue, choose the things you like, order them and wait a little to get them.
Dialogs
Art cures, shopping lures
Irene. I've got an idea for tonight. Let's go to a concert.
Ulaf. You know, Irene, I'm as crazy about music as you are, but if you are going to a symphony orchestra concert or opera I'm not with you.
Maggy. Neither am I. I suggest we should listen to "black music" first of all while here in America. I mean rock played and sung by black musicians.
U. Everybody knows what "black music" is, and it does not have to be played by black people, by the way. Rock was taken over by white singers like Elvis Presley, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones. But it was black musicians who invented it.
Steve. My father loves them and has a collection of records of Chuck Berry and Ray Charles.
Tracy. And my grandmother is fond of Aretha Franklin and Ella Fitzgerald. She prefers gospel, blues and jazz. As for me I'm keen on country music. Rock seems to be too loud to me. I find most rock groups' songs deafening and meaningless.
M. The best rock singers are never meaningless. Tracy Chapman is one of my favourites. She writes her songs herself and they are not the usual mix of bouncy dance tunes and meaningless lyrics. She writes about personal pain, politics and poverty.
Betty. Oh, yes, her hit singles spent weeks at the top of the charts both in the US and the UK!
M. What appeals to me about her apart from her songs, is her simple and natural style. She uses no make-up, costumes, special effects or electric guitars - tricks that other pop stars would be lost without. - B. Just her acoustic guitar and rich voice are enough to delight her fans.
U. By the way, Whitney Houston's concert is on TV next Saturday.
I. I wish I could see her live performance! I doubt we'd be able to get tickets to her show, which is on at the John Kennedy Centre for Performing Arts.
U. You never know before you try. I suggest that we should call the John Kennedy Centre's and ask. (Dials the phone.)
Voice. Hello. May I help you?
U. Is this the number for booking tickets for Whitney Houston's show?
Voice. Yes, it is. There are orchestra and balcony seats left.
U. I'm afraid I'll have to book twenty seats.
Voice. That's all right. I recommend you reserve balcony seats. They are in the centre of the third and fourth rows. You will be able to see and hear well from there.
U. Thank you very much. How do I pay?
Voice. It's best if you pay by credit card but you don't have to.
U. I'd like to pay in cash.
Voice. Then I need your first and last names and your telephone number.
U. How much are the tickets?
Voice. The price of the tickets is $ 40. For telephone booking, there is $ 3 service charge per ticket. That'll be a total of $ 860.
U. Okay! Where and when can I get the tickets?
Voice. You'll get the tickets at the box office. You should pick them up before seven thirty.
U. Thank you! (Puts the receiver down.) Hur-ray!
I. So, we are going to the show tonight! Goodness! I've got so much to do before the concert!
B. What?
I. I've planned to do some shopping.
B. I suggest we should go together for I have to buy some things.
T. Wait for me too. I want to have my skirts shortened at the dressmaker's.
Dick. I'm coming too. I must have my hair cut at the hairdresser's, and a filling done at the dentist's.
St. I've got to go too. 1 want to have my film developed and printed. And time permitting, I'll drop in at the post office to mail a parcel.
Rona. Could you pick up my letters as well?
St. Certainly! See you this evening! (At the Supermarket)
B. Here we are at the supermarket. Where is my shopping list?
I. It's right in ypur hand. Shall I get a cart to put the things in?
B. Yes, please. We need a lot. I have to check the shopping list: fresh pine-apple juice, peanuts, sunflower oil, chicken, cabbage, carrots and onions, half a pound of butter, and sour cream.
I. Let's start with the dairy products. They are in aisle 4.
B. Don't forget to check the date on the label because all perishable products are dated.
I. Oh, Betty, you are going to make an excellent housewife with your knowledge of all these things.
B. Yes, I know how to save money buying things at the supermarkets.
I. Come on! Reveal your secrets to your best buddies.
B. Do you know that all big supermarkets have their own brands for all the foods they sell?
I. So what?
B. They are cheaper. The thing is the store's own brand is the least expensive one. -
I. Oh, we are going to make a fortune out of the money we save, aren't we?
B. Let's go to the cash register and see how much cash we have saved today.
T. Fashionable shoes are my weakness! Let's go by the footwear section.
Patrick. There is no use in arguing with a lady.
T. Could you show me the black shoes?
Shop girl. What heel do you prefer, miss? We have them in a higher, lower and in a medium heel. What's your size?
T. I wear size 7. Can I try them on?
Shop girl. Do, please! Oh, they suit you perfectly, miss.
T. They are neither loose nor tight on me. I'll take them!
Shop girl. Will you pay in cash?
T. No, I won't. It'll be my credit card.
P. Oh! Who is this beauty? Is that you, Tracy? I didn't recognize you in those new shoes. Fantastic!
P. It's not a compliment. I meant it sincerely.
Jack. Why are you looking so sour-faced, Dick?
D. I seem to have eaten too much chocolate. And I have a terrible toothache.
J. Oh, poor thing! I know you have a sweet tooth. Is it your sweet tooth that hurts?
D. If you were me you wouldn't joke.
J. OK! 1 didn't mean to hurt you. Let's go to doctor Morgan. He is an excellent dentist.
Dr M. Welcome! What's the problem?
D. Morning, Dr Morgan! I have a toothache on the right upper side.
Dr M. Let me take a look at it. Good! Oh, there is a rather deep cavity on the right upper side of the mouth.
D. Will you have to pull the tooth?
Dr M. I'll do my best to save it. I'd suggest a regular filling.
D. Do it.
Dr M. You don't feel pain now, do you? You can eat in two hours.
D. Thank you, doctor.
R. Feeling better, Dick?
D. I'm feeling brand-new.
R. Are you? I don't feel so well! I'm shivering, sneezing and I think I'm even running a temperature.
D. Wow!
R. I've a sore throat and a bad cough. I think I've caught a cold.
D. It means you won't go to Whit-ney Houston show tonight, yeah?
R. Oh, no, I wouldn't miss it for anything.
D. But first put the thermometer under your tongue. I want to see if you have a fever.
R. Oh, thanks for your kindness. But I think Whitney Houston's show'll work wonders and it will help me to recover. You do know that art cures.
D. So, there is no better medicine than art for you, is there?
Grammar
Use some, any or no.
1. I need ... sugar, ... flour, ... eggs, ... butter and ... milk to make a cake. 2. There is ... butter in the fridge, but there isn't ... milk. 3. Are there ... eggs? — There aren't ... eggs left. 4. We haven't got ... flour. 5. To make cabbage soup I need ... cabbage, ... onions, ... carrots, and ... salt. I don't need ... plums or ... pineapples. 6. I need to buy a lot of things. There isn't ... time to waste. 7. Oh, dear! There is ... money in my purse. 7. There are ... pictures in the book. 8. Are there ... new students in your group? 9. There are ... old houses in our street. 10. Are there ... English textbooks on the desks? — Yes, there are ... . 11. Are there ... maps on the walls? — No, there aren't ... . 12. Are there ... pens on the desk? — Yes, there are .... 13. Are there ... sweets in your bag? — Yes, there are ... . 14. Have you got ... English books at home? — Yes, I have ... .15. There are ... beautiful pictures in the magazine. Look at them. 16. There is ... ink in my pen: I cannot write. 17. Is there ... paper on your table? 18. I haven't got... exercise books. Give me ..., please. 19. It is winter. There are ... leaves on the trees.
Lesson 4
At the rail way
Read the text and translate it
A big railway station is a very busy and interesting place. There are a lot of platforms at which trains come in and go out. A train is standing at one of the platforms ready to leave. The porters are very busy carrying luggage to the train or pushing it on their trucks. On another platform a train has just come in. Some passengers are getting out, others are getting in. Those who haven’t bought their tickets in advance are waiting in queues at the booking-office. At the bookstalls people are choosing books, magazines and newspapers for the journey. At the cloak-room or luggage office some people are leaving and taking their luggage.
There are a lot of signs in a big railway station. You may see ENTRANCE and EXIT. There is also a WAITING ROOM where you can relax until it is time to board your train. If you are hungry or thirsty you’ll go to the REFRESHMENT ROOM. If you don’t know the number of the platform from which your train leaves, look for the signs ARRIVALS and DEPARTURES. They will tell you the number of the platform.
When you arrive in a large town you may leave your heavy luggage at the station. In this case you will look for the CLOAK ROOM or LUGGAGE OFFICE.
If you have lost something you need to find LOST PROPERTY OFFICE. If you find anything, if it is a small item like glasses or umbrella, you can take them to the lost property office, too. If it is big, something like a parcel or a suitcase, report it to the POLICE OFFICE, never touch it yourself.
You will also see the sign BOOKING OFFICE. This is where you buy your ticket. If you don’t know the time or the platform your train leaves from you’ll go to the INQUIRY OFFICE or the INFORMATION BUREAU.
Dialogs
I
(Speakers: a clerk and a passenger)
- Yes, sir?
- First-class return to Glasgow.
- Day return?
- No. I’m going for the weekend.
- A weekend return is Ј 7.66, sir.
- Thank you.
- Thank you, sir.
- Could you tell me which platform the 13.30 leaves from?
- Yes, platform 5.
- Thank you.
II
- Porter, sir?
- Yes... would you take this bag to platform 5, please?
- Glasgow train, sir?
- That’s right.
- Very good, sir.
III
- Which platform for Motherwell, please?
- Platform 14, right up and down, underground level.
- When does the next train leave, please?
- 10.30, from Glasgow Central.
- When does it get in?
- You will be in Motherwell at 11.04. It takes roughly about half an hour to get there.
- Do I have to change?
- No, you needn’t. It’s a short distance.
- How much is the ticket?
- Single or return?
- Both. -
- One single costs $ 20. The normal return ticket costs double the single fare but.
- You can buy a day return, which is cheaper.
- Thank you very much.
- It’s my pleasure.
IV
When does the London train leave, please?
- 9.25. Platform 3.
- What time does it reach London?
- You should be there at 11.31, but you may be a bit late.
- Do I have to change?
- Yes. You change at Lewes and East Croydon
- I want a ticket to Bern, second-class, please,
- Single or return?
- Return, please.
- Sixty-five pounds, please. Five pounds change, thank you.
- Could you tell me what time the next train is?
- 8 o’clock, platform 12. If you hurry you’ll just catch it.
- Thanks.
Grammar
Use something, anything, nothing, everything.
1. My husband taught his son ... he knows. 2. Her patient has a bad memory. She can't remember ... . 3. I think there is ... wrong with my watch. 4. We've got ... to eat. We've got only ... to drink. 5. The student didn't understand ... because she heard ... . 6. Does he know ... about computers? — Yes, he knows ... because he is the best specialist in computer science at Harvard University. 7. He felt terrible. He couldn't do ... else. 8. ... is all right, the patient is much better today. 9. Is there ... interesting in the programme of the concert? 10. I could see ... : it was quite dark. 11. Give me ... to drink. 12. I didn't take any money with me, so I couldn't buy 13. My new eyeglasses are very good, I can see ... now. 14. I saw ... near the wood that looked like a tent.
Lesson 5
At the airport
Read the text and translate it
Most airlines have at least 2 classes of travel, first class and economy class. Economy class tickets are much less expensive. Each passenger more than 2 years old gets a free luggage allowance. Generally this weight limit is 20 kg of checked baggage for economy class passengers and 30 kg for first class passengers. If you check excess luggage you’ll have to pay a fee calculated by the number of extra pieces and the extra weight. Every passenger is also allowed one small carry-on bag, for instance a laptop computer or small suitcase.
At the check-in counter, your ticket is looked at, your things are weighed and labeled with their destination. The next formality is filling in the immigration form and going through passport control. Remember to have a black or blue pen with you because the immigration form has to be filled in block letters. You write your name, nationality, permanent address and the purpose of your trip. In most countries there is also a security check when your carry-on-luggage is inspected.
When you arrive at your destination, some of these same formalities will undoubtedly be repeated. Often while on board the plane you will be given a customs declaration and immigration form to fill in. At the airport you may be met by a specially trained dog whose job it is to make sure that no passengers are carrying any illegal drugs. In addition, the immigration officer might want to inspect your visa, your invitation and even your return ticket.
Dialogs
Ticket Reservation
(Speakers: a travel agent and a customer)
Travel agent: Can I help you?
B: I want to fly to London next week. I’d like to make reservations for a roundtrip ticket.
T. A.: What day are you planning to leave for London?
В.: On the 12th of March.
T. A.: There are three flights to London on that day - at 10 am, at 8.30 and 9 pm. Do you have any preference about the time of the day?
В.: I’d rather leave at 9 pm I want to get to London early in the morning.
T. A.: I can make a reservation for a TWA flight. Are you going to travel 1st-class or economy?
В.: I prefer economy. How much will it be?
T.A.: 440 dollars. .
В.: Are meals and refreshments served on the flight?
Т. A.: Yes, they are.
B.: What’s the flying time?
T. A: Six hours.
B.: What’s the London airport we’ll arrive at?
T. A.: Heathrow Airport. How many days are you planning to stay in London?
В.: Seven days.
T. A: When would you like to fly home from London?
B.: March 22nd.
T. A.: All right. Your name and address?
В.: Boris Brown, 64-42 99th Street, Rego-Parte, New York 11374.
T. A.: And your telephone number?
В.: (718) 439-7286. - (718) 439-7286.
T.A.: Will you pay by credit card?
B.: Yes, by Master Card. Number... Valid until January 15, 1993. When can I get my tickets?
T. A.: You’ll have them 2 days before your departure.
II
- I’d like to make a reservation for a ticket to London on or about the first of November. Are there any planes on these days?
- I’ll have a look in the time-table for you and see what is available. What class would you like to travel?
- Economy class, open return, so that I could use it at any time.
- Belavia Flight. N 751 leaves at 11.30 and flies direct.
- All right.
- What’s your name and a telephone number?
- Ivan Borisov, 299-28-93. When can I get my tickets?
- You’ll have them two days before your departure. Don’t forget to confirm the flight.
- All right. Thank you.
III
- What flights are there from London to Vienna tomorrow?
- If you’d like to take a seat, I’ll find out for you.
- I’d like to travel first class, please.
- BEA flight BE 502 takes off from Heathrow at 09.25, and flies direct.
- What time do I have to be there?
- You’ll have to be at West London Air Terminal by 08.10 at the latest.
IV
- I want to fly to Geneva on or about the first.
- I’ll just see what there is.
- I want to go economy, and I’d prefer the morning.
- Lufthansa Flight LH 203 leaves at 9.20.
- What time do I have to be there?
- The coach leaves for the airport at 8.15.
V
- Is this Mercury Airlines counter?
- Yes, it is. May I help you?
- I’d like to check my reservation for today’s flight to Mexico City.
- May I see your passport and ticket?
- Is everything in order?
- Yes, it is. Where is your baggage?
- It’s over there.
- Very well. It weighs exactly thirty pounds.
- Do I get a baggage check?
- Yes, you do. Here it is. Now go to gate number seven. Your flight number is 326.
- What time does the plane leave?
- At 4.30.
VI
At the Customs (Speakers: two passengers)
- Have you filled in the immigration card?
- Yes. Have you?
- I don’t need to. It’s only for non-British citizens.
- Oh, yes, of course. Is this the way?
- No, I go through here – «British Passport», you see. I’m afraid you have to go over there. It says «Commonwealth and EEC Passports».
- All right. See you outside the baggage claim area.
(Speakers: a customs officer and a passenger) -
- Can I see your passport?
- Certainly, here it is.
- Have you anything to declare?
- Nothing.
- What’s the purpose of your visit?
- I’m attending a conference in London.
- Well, would you mind opening this bag, please.
- There you are.
- Thank you. Right. That’s all. You can go through now.
- Thank you.
Passport control -
- Helen, the passport control officer will ask you for your passport. Produce it, please.
- Oh, yes, here it is. I believe he will ask us where we are going to.
- That’s right. Besides he will be interested to know how long you are going to stay here.
- I am obliged to answer all questions. Is that so?
- No doubt. You will have to tell the passport control officer about the purpose of your visit.
- Anything else?
- Nothing else. They are usually very polite.
- Will he ask me about the visa I have?
- Sure, he can. He’ll be interested to know if you have a tourist visa, or a multiple entry and exit visa or an exchange one.
- But I have an immigration visa. It has been recently granted to me. I’m not going to extend it.
- O.K. Don’t be nervous. Everything will be fine.
- Is that all?
- No, after the passport control you’ll go through the customs control at the customs area.
Grammar
Use the right word
1. We haven't... black stockings (no, any). 2 They have ... red boots, Kate (any, no). 3. I don't want... today, thank you (nothing, anything). 4. "I haven't got ... clean exercise books, Mother," said the boy (any, no). 5. "We shall not buy ... in this shop, children," said the mother (nothing, anything). 6. Didn't you buy ... potatoes yesterday (any, no)? 7. I didn't see ... in the street when I went out (anybody, nobody). 8. We did not play ... games in the yard because it was raining all day long (no, any). 9. There is ... at home (anybody, nobody). 10. How much did you pay for these boots? — I didn't pay ... (nothing, anything).
Lesson 6
At the hotel
Read the text and translate it
It's a well known fact that hotels nowadays play a big role. Every year more and more new hotels are opened.
Sometimes it is even difficult to decide which to choose while traveling. There are luxury hotels, which seem to be expensive, b & b hotels, where you will get only breakfasts and a place to sleep, youth hostels, where you meant to serve everything yourself and many other places to stay in. Some people enjoy staying in a hotel. Sure, on the one hand there are a lot of advantages in it. To begin with, it's convenient. You have a chance to make a telephone call and reserve any room you want in a good time, to be confident by your arrival. Besides, you don't need to serve yourself, everything will be done by the hotel staff, I find it wonderful. More than that, I do like that in the hotel you can be offered some interesting excursions and you can be sure that they are safe because the hotel is responsible for every offer.
But on the other hand there are still some disadvantages in staying in a hotel. First of all, the service can be poor and slowly, for this reason you can be late for a business meeting or a friends' party, I find it extremely disappointing. Second, the food can be too salty, overcooked and etc...spoiled. It can be a serious problem for people with weak stomach. Third, the view from the window can be not so romantic as the advertisement said but more modest, it can also disappoint some people, who care about the beaty around them.
Last summer I stayed in a hotel in Turkey, everything was up to date, wonderful service, tasty food and friendly staff. In general I am only for staying in a hotel, this will save your money, time and will be convenient.
Dialogs
I
В.: Good morning. I’d like to check in.
Reception Clerk.: Do you have a reservation with us?
В.: Yes, I do. I made a reservation by phone last night.
R.C.: Your name, please?
В.: Brian Mitchell from San Francisco.
R.C.: Would you spell your name, please?
B.: M as in «Marry», I as in «Isaac», T as in «Tommy», С as in «Charley», H as in «Harry», E as in «Edward», double L as in «Lucy».
R.C.: Okay. Let me see. You have a reservation for single room. Is that correct?
В.: Perfectly correct.
R.C.: Have you already decided how many nights to stay?
В.: At least until Wednesday. But I may stay longer than that. When should I inform you about it? R.C.: Let us know about your decision Tuesday night. You can give us a ring until 11 pm.
В.: All right. What’s the price of the room?
R.C.: 75 dollars per night. Please, fill out the registration card. Print your name and home address. - В.: Should I sign my name?
R.C.: Put your signature right here. Okay, will you pay cash or by credit card?
В.: By credit card. Do you need it right now?
R.C.: You can give me your credit card before checking out.
В.: By the way, what’s the checking out time?
R.C.: One o’clock in the afternoon.
В.: Thank you. I have some additional questions.
R.C.: I’ll be glad to answer them.
В.: What about room service?
R.C.: Room service is available from 6 am to 10 pm. You can dial your order from the telephone in your room.
В.: Where is your restaurant?
R.C.: The restaurant is on the 25th floor. We also have a coffee shop. It’s right here in the lobby. -
В.: Thank you for the information.
R.C.: You are welcome. A bellboy will help you with your luggage. Your room is number 1215. Enjoy your stay.
B.: Thanks.
II
(Speakers: Mr. Collins and the receptionist)
- Good evening. My name is Collins. I booked a room last week for myself.
- Yes, sir. What did you say the name was, sir?
- Collins, C, o, double l, i, n, s.
- Yes, here we are. We got your letter. Room 7, please. If you sign the register, I’ll ask the porter to show you the room and help you with your luggage.
- Thank you, where do I sign?
- Just here, sir - full name, home address, date and signature.
- Right, there we are. - Вот, готово.
- Thank you, sir. I hope you’ll find the room comfortable.
III
The Kent family is on a motor tour and has just arrived at a hotel. Mr Kent: Good evening. My name is Kent. I booked a room last week for my family and myself.
Receptionist: Yes, sir. What did you say the name was, sir?
Mr Kent: Kent. I asked for two double rooms – one for my wife and myself and one for the two children.
Receptionist: Ah yes – here we are, sir. Yes – we got your letter. Rooms 11 and 12. If you’ll sign the register, I’ll ask the porter to show you the rooms and help you with your luggage.
Mr Kent: Thank you. Where do I sign?
Receptionist: Just here, sir – full name, home address, date and signature.
Mr Kent: Right – there we are.
Receptionist: Thank you, sir. I think you’ll find the rooms comfortable. One of them has a bathroom. The other hasn’t I’m afraid, but there’s a bathroom very near – just along the corridor. There’s a radio in each room and of course if you want Room Service just use the telephone.
Mr Kent: Yes – now what about meal times? We’d like dinner of course – and breakfast in the morning before we leave.
Receptionist: Dinner is from 6.30 until 9.30. We start serving breakfast at 7.30 in the morning and you can have morning tea in your room if you wish - from 6.30 onwards. ... You’ll find the dining-room just over there.
Mr Kent: Thank you very much.
IV
Two people are at the reception desk of a hotel. Clerk: Hi! Can I help you?
Martin: Yes, we had a reservation for this weekend.
C.:All right, what was the name, sir?
M.: Baum, Martin Baum.
C.: Baum . . . Baum . . . oh, yes, here it is. A double for two nights?
M.: Yes, that’s right. But we were wondering . . . would you happen to have a suite available this weekend, something with a living area and a kitchenette?
C.: Well, the only one that’s available this weekend is the executive suite, and that’ll run you $140 a night.
M.: I see. That’s pretty high . . .
C.: You know, sir, this double is more than twenty feet square, and it has a refrigerator.
M.: Oh, really? That sounds fine, then. What do you say, Sally?
Sally: Sounds good to me, too.
C.: Good, the double then. Do you have a credit card, sir?
M.: No, I’ll be paying cash
C.: Then I’ll have to ask you to pay in advance. Fifty-five a night, plus $8 tax comes to $126. And would you fill out this registration form, please? Here’s a pen. Just your name, address, and the make and license number of your car.
M.: OK . . . here you are. And travelers checks for $130.
C.: Fine, Mr. Baum. Here’s $4 change. Check-out time is 12:00 noon. The bellman will take you up ... Harvey! Room 615 ... If you need anything, just let me know.
M.: Thank you. Good night.
V
Clerk: Front desk.
Martin: Hello. This is Martin Baum. The bathroom light in my room doesn’t work. Could you have somebody come up and take a look at it, please?
C.: Oh, of course, Mr. Baum. What room number was that, please?
M.: Room 615.
C.: Okay, I’ll have a man up there in a minute.
M.: Fine. And another thing -I don’t seem to have a room service menu. Is there one?
C.: Yes, there is. We have 24-hour room service. I’m sorry about that. I’ll have a room service waiter bring you a menu up right away.
M.: Thanks.
C.: If you need anything else, just let me know.
M.: I will. Good night.
C.: Good night.
Grammar
Put these sentences into the negative and question forms
1. They have done something. 2. He has given them some money. 3. You have brought something for us. 4.1 have taken some English books from you. 5. She was reading something. 6. He has written a letter to somebody. 7. Somebody by the name of Petrov lives on the third floor. 8. They have some English books. 9. There are some tall trees in front of their house. 10. Peter has something in his box. 11. There are some parks in this town. 12. There are some good bookshops in our district.
Lesson 7
Banking
Read the text and translate it
The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom. Sometimes known as the 'Old Lady' of Threadneedle Street, the Bank was founded in 1694, nationalised on 1 March 1946, and gained independence in 1997. Standing at the centre of the UK's financial system, the Bank is committed to promoting and maintaining monetary and financial stability as its contribution to a healthy economy.
The Bank's roles and functions have evolved and changed over its three-hundred year history. Since its foundation, it has been the Government's banker and, since the late 18th century, it has been banker to the banking system more generally - the bankers' bank. As well as providing banking services to its customers, the Bank of England manages the UK's foreign exchange and gold reserves.
The Bank has two core purposes - monetary stability and financial stability. The Bank is perhaps most visible to the general public through its banknotes and, more recently, its interest rate decisions. The Bank has had a monopoly on the issue of banknotes in England and Wales since the early 20th century.
The Bank of England is committed to increasing awareness and understanding of its activities and responsibilities, across both general and specialist audiences alike. It produces a large number of regular and ad hoc publications on key aspects of its work and offers a range of educational materials.
Dialogs
1
- What can I do for you?
- I'd like to cash this cheque, please.
- Yes, sir. It's for 50 pounds. But you haven't signed it yet, sir.
- Oh, I'm terribly sorry. Here you are.
- Thank you. How would you like the money?
- Four fives and three tens, please.
2
- You are welcome, madam.
- I'd like to change these marks, please.
- Yes, madam. How many marks have you got?
- 50 marks. What's the rate of exchange, please?
- The current rates are on the notice board, madam.
3
- Good morning. Can I help you?
- Yes. My name is Brown. I'm expecting money from my bank in Montreal.
- By post, cable or telex, sir?
- By telex.
- Just a moment, I'll check it. Are you Jack Brown?
- Quite right.
- Yes. There's 800 dollars from the Royal Bank of Canada, Montreal. Have you got any identification, sir?
- Yes, I've got my passport. Here you are.
- Thank you, sir.
4
- Hello.
- Hello. I'd like to cash a traveler’s cheque, please.
- Right. How much is it for?
- One hundred pounds.
- Right, can you sign here, please? Do you have your passport?
- Yes, just a moment.
5
- Hello. I'm from Germany, and I'm staying in England for a year. I want to open an account here. What documents do I need, please?
- Right. We need to see your passport and a letter from your employer or your place of study if you're a student.
- Right. Is that all?
- That's all, yes.
- Thank you.
Grammar
Use somewhere, anywhere, nowhere или everywhere.
1. I can't find my book ... . I have looked all over the house. 2. Johnny lives ... near Chicago. 3. It so happened that he had ... to go to. So last summer he stayed at home in his beloved city for his holidays. 4. This book can be found ... . Let's buy it. 5. Do you live ... near them? 6. Is it ... in Russia? — Yes, it's ... in Russia. 7. Where are you going? — I am not going ... . 8. I put my dictionary ... yesterday and now I can't find it ... . — Of course, that is because you leave your books ... . 9. You must go ... next summer. 10. Did you go ... on Sunday? 11. Let's go ... . The weather is fine. I don't want to stay at home in such weather. 12. I cannot find my glasses ... . I always put them ... and then look for them for hours. 13. Today is a holiday. The streets are full of people. There are flags, banners and flowers ....
Lesson 8
Around the city
Read the text and translate it
Everyone who has once visited Omsk notices its openness, breadth and peculiarity. The city on the banks of the Irtish and Om rivers is beautiful in a Siberian manner.
You can meet the history of Omsk not only on the streets of the city. It lives in the museums, in the inspirational works of Omsk artists, actors and history scientists. Omsk museum of local lore, history and economy is the oldest in Siberia. It was founded in 1878 by the famous Siberian scientists, explorers and public figures: M.Pevtsov, G.Potanin, N.Yadrintsev, I.Siovtsov
The former general-governor palace is very beautiful but too small for the huge museum collection and that's why the new building — the former trade house built in 1914 by the architect A.Kryachkov and restored by the Omsk specialists — was granted for that collection. Recently museum moved to that new building. There is enough space now to exhibit icons, Siberian tumuli gold, Faberge jewelry, glass and ceramics items which for many long years were kept in its depositaries.
Five years ago in Omsk appeared the memorial museum of the Peoples Artist of Russia Kondraty Belov. It is placed in the old wooden house and is the bright example of the city's care for its talented sons It's filled with warm atmosphere of cosiness.
The Dostoevsky Literature Museum is also one of the city's memorial museums. Until recently it was the department of the Museum of Local Lore, History and Economy but now it's the independent scientific- literature center
A.Lieberov is the real singer of Siberian nature. His pastels are so deep and so lyrical, you can't take you eyes off of them. Many today's artists are his apprentices. Alexey Lieberov organized the artistic-graphic faculty of the Pedagogical University, opened the Lieberov centre.
Dialogs
1
- Excuse me, can you tell me where Pushkin Street is, please?
- Take the second turn on the left, and then ask again.
- Is it far?
- No, it's only about 5 minutes walk.
- Thanks a lot.
- Not at all.
2
- Does this bus go to the station?
- No, you'll have to get off at the Department store and take a 47.
- Can you tell me where to get off?
- It's the next stop but one.
- Thank you.
3
- Excuse me, I'm afraid I'm lost. Can you help me?
- Where do you want to go?
- I am to be in Independence Square at 3 o'clock. I'm short of time.
- Oh, yes. The quickest way to get there is by metro.
- Is there a metro station here?
- Yes, go straight as far as the park and there you'll see the metro station.
- Thanks a lot.
4
- Excuse me, please, can you tell me the way to the Central Post Office?
- I'm sorry, I can't. I'm a stranger here too. You'd better ask that policeman over there.
- Thanks just the same.
5
- Excuse me, how can I get to the University?
- Вам лучше поехать на метро.
- And where is the metro station?
- Go down the street two blocks straight ahead and you'll see the station.
- Thank you very much.
6
- Excuse me, am I on the right way to Yakub Kolas Square?
- Yes, go straight as far as the supermarket and then turn left.
- Is it far from here?
- Not very far but you can take a trolley-bus and it will take you just there.
- Thank, you.
7
- Excuse me, where is the British museum, please?
- Over there, on the left.
- Oh, I see, thank you very much. Good - bye.
- Good - bye. Have a nice day.
- Thank you.
8
- I beg your pardon, is this the right way to Hyde Park Corner?
- To Hyde Park Comer? Let me see... No, you must turn right at the first traffic lights. Then keep straight on till you come to Oxford Street. Oxford Street leads to Hyde Park Corner.
- Is it very far?
- About 15 minutes. But you can take a bus, too. There's a bus stop over there. Hyde Park Corner is the second or third stop from here.
- Well, I think I can walk. Thank you very much.
- That's all right.
9
- Excuse me.
- Yes.
- I'm lost. Is this way to Brighton?
- No, I'm afraid it isn't. You are going the wrong way. This is the Portsmouth Road.
- Oh, can you tell me the way to Brighton?
- Yes, turn round and go back to the roundabout. Take the exit A272. You'll see signposts to Brighton from there.
10
- Is it your first visit to New York?
- Yes, and unfortunately I haven't got much time.
- So what are you going to do while you are here?
- Well, I don't know much about New York, you know. Just the Empire State building and the Statue of Liberty.
- You've just got two days, haven't you? You are going to be pretty busy if you want to see all the sights.
- I'm planning to start early tomorrow morning. What should I do first?
- I think you should start with the Empire State Building. It's not the highest building now, but the view is just beautiful in the morning, when it's clear and fresh. You have to do that.
- It sounds great. I'll definitely do that. Tell me, which is the highest building now?
- The World Trade Centre building. But you should go there at night for the view - there's a bar up there and you can relax and look at the lights of the city. It's wonderful.
- Right.
11
- What else do you recommend?
- Well, it depends what you like - art, shopping, theatre?
- Well, not shopping particularly. But I'd like to see an art gallery or two.
- Oh, then you must go to the Met - the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which is just enormous. You could spend two days there. That's by Central Park, so you can take a walk through Central Park at the same time.
- Right.
- And if you like art galleries, there's the Guggenheim, the Museum of Modern Art. .
12
- What about the Statue of Liberty? I must see the Statue of Liberty.
- Well, there are different ways to do that. You can take a tour. During stops you can get out and climb up to the top. Or the cheap way is just to take the regular Statten Inland ferry - that's not a tourist boat, so it doesn't stop - but it passes right by.
- No, I think I'll be a tourist and climb up to the top.
- All right. Well, there's another interesting trip in the same area - to Ellis Island. There's a big museum all about the immigrants who arrived there.
- Yes, I'd like to do that too!
- Sure, but you are going to be pretty busy. You won't be able to do that on the same day as the Met. It's a long way, you know.
- Really? How far is it?
- Five or six miles at least.
- Is it! I've got no idea where these places are. Have you got a map, perhaps?
- Sure. I'll go and get it, and you can plan your route.
Grammar
Use much or many
1. I don't eat ... mangoes. 2. Не eats ... fish. 3. She ate so ... dessert that she is in bed today with a stomachache. 4. That man drank so ... wine, and he smoked so ... cigarettes that he has a terrible headache today. 5. Mary must not eat too ... salt because she has problems with her blood pressure. 6. My mother says I eat too ... French fries and drink too ... beer. She wants her son to be healthy. 7. There is not too ... space in my flat. 8. There are ... new pictures in this room. 9. There are ... teachers at our school, and ... of them are women. 10. ... of these plays are quite new. 11. Thanks awfully for the books you sent me yesterday. — Don't mention it, it wasn't ... bother. 12. ... of her advice was useful. 13. He had ... pairs of socks. 14. Please don't put ... pepper on the meat. 15. There were ... plates on the table. 16. I never eat ... bread with soup. 17. Why did you eat so ... ice cream? 18. She wrote us ... letters from the country. 19. ... of these students don't like to look up words in the dictionary.
Lesson 9
Countries and nations
Read the text and translate it
Great Britain, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand are English speaking countries. They are situated in different parts of the world and differ in many ways.
The nature of these countries, their weather and climate and way of life of their people differ. Each coutry has it's own history customs, traditions, its own national holidays. But they all have a common language. English, the language of the people who left England to make their names in new countries.
The United Kindom of Great Britain and North Ireland consist of 4 parts: England, Scotland, Wales, Northen Ireland. The British Isles are group of islands lying off the noth-west coast of the continent of Europe. There are no high mountains, no very long river, no great forest in U.K. The population of the U.K. is almost fifty-six million. Great Britain is a capitalists country.
The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent. The population of the USA is more then 236 million people. The USA is a highly develoed industrial country. In the USA there are two main political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
Canada has area of nearly 10 million square kilometres. It's westen coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean. The population of Canada is over 26 million people. Canada is a capitalist federal state and a member of the Commonwealth.
The Commonwealth of Australia territories are the continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and number of smaller islands. Australia has an area of nearly eight million square kilometres. The population of Australia is over sixteen million people. The Commonwealth of Australia is a capitalist self- governing federal state.
New Zealand is situated south-east of Australia. The country consists of the large islands called North Island, South Island and Stewart Island and also many small islands. The population of New Zealand is over three million people. New Zealand is a capitalist self-governing state and a meember of the Commonwealth.
Dialogs
1
- Is England the name of that country?
- No, it isn't. It's called Great Britain, or simply Britain. England is a part of it.
- Really? So, I'm sorry, I'm mistaken.
- In my opinion you simply mix the names.
- And what about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland or the United Kingdom? That sounds more official, doesn't it?
- Yes, it's the official name of that country. But you shouldn't forget that though in everyday speech Britain is used to mean the United Kingdom, it's the name of the island which is made up of England, Scotland and Wales.
- Thanks, I've guessed at last.
2
- Oh, I'm tired with the Customs formalities. Let's take a short rest now. Shall we sit here?
- It's a good idea and the armchairs look cozy. Let's enjoy fresh air.
- Certainly. Well, that's what La Manche looks like.
- You mean the English Channel.
- Why? What's the difference?
- Oh, no difference between ourselves, because you are Polish and I'm German, but when you speak to a Frenchman, call it La Manche. On the other hand, British people prefer the English Channel.
- Then I think it should be called the British Channel, shouldn't it?
- That 's history, traditions and all that.
- Thanks a lot, because it's very good to know the "likes and dislikes" of the country you are going to visit for the first time.
3
- Steve, my cousin is coming tomorrow. Where shall I take him, I wonder?
- Well, the problem - is what, you, want him to see.
- Look, he's already been here several times. And what if I take him to Brest.
- But where will you stay?
- A friend of mine lives there. She'll show us around the city.
- Don't forget to go to the Brest Fortress. The memorial there is really impressive. There are always a lot of people there. I'm sure you'll remember your excursion there for a long time.
- Agreed. So, I'll go and buy the tickets for a train to Brest for the day after tomorrow.
4
- How do you do, Paul. Is it your first visit to the States?
- No, I was there many years ago. It was a brief visit.
- You didn't see much of America then, did you?
- Very little, I'm afraid. This time I believe I'll be able to visit Pennsylvania, Illinois, Kansas and Utah, the Mormon state.
- I'm sure you'll find that we have an interesting, varied and beautiful country. America is full of different peoples, scenery and customs. No doubt, you'll have an exciting experience.
5
- Is Washington well planned?
- Yes, of course. In the centre of Washington you can see the Capitol connected with the White House by Pennsylvania Avenue.
- Is the street long?
- It's a mile and a half long.
- The Capitol is the highest building in the US capital, isn't it?
- Sure. - Да.
- Is there any monument to President Washington in the capital?
- Certainly. It's in the Potomac Park, it was opened to public in 1888.
Grammar
Use little or few
l. Не has got ... friends. 2. I drink ... coffee. I don't like it. 3. We must hurry. We've got very ... time. 4. There are very ... scholarships for students in this university. 5. The Smiths have ... money. They aren't rich. 6. The theatre was almost empty. There were very ... people there. 7. There was ... lemonade in the bottle. There were ... peaches in the basket. 8. I have ... time, so I can't go with you. 9. He has ... English books. 10. There is ... ink in my pen. Have you got any ink? 11. There are ... bears in the zoo. 12. Tom Canty was the son of poor parents and had very ... clothes. 13. There is too ... soup in my plate. Give me some more, please. 14. The children returned from the wood very sad because they had found very ... mushrooms. 15. There was too ... light in the room, and I could not read. 16. There are very ... people who don't know that the Earth is round.
Lesson 10
Daily routine
Read the text and translate it
One of my friends, Dmitry Shevelev, lives in Vladivostok now though he was born in Nakhodka. Some years ago he graduated from the one of our institutions and became an engineer. Now he lives near his office. He usually walks there. He works on weekdays. I can’t say that he works hard, but all his mates like him because he is a good mixer or, as you may say, he is very communicable person. He doesn’t work on Saturday or Sunday. His working day usually lasts for eight hours. His duties are to answer all incoming letters and calls, to meet with different specialists, to help junior engineers. He often tells me that he likes his job. I usually meet him after the work and we speak about life. He is very glad that he found such work where he can show all his talents. Though there is a difference between our ages, we have much in common. He is among my best friends.
By the way, my friend knows English very well (he finished school #13). It helps him a lot as every year various foreign delegations come to their office. These delegations change different technologies with our specialists and discuss many problems. All foreigners thought Shevelev to be the best translator in their institute.
Dialogs
1
- Excuse me, what's the time by your watch, please? Mine has stopped.
- It's 10 past 3, but I'm not sure. My watch is sometimes slow.
- Oh, what a pity. I must know the exact time. My train starts at 3.30.
- I think you should take a taxi.
2
- I'd like to fix an appointment with the manager. Would 9 tomorrow be all right?
- I'm afraid there's nothing before midday.
- Could I make it a quarter to one?
- Yes, I'll make a note of it.
- Thank you.
3
- Are there any planes to Vienna on Sunday?
- If you'd like to take a seat, I'll find out for you.
- By the way, I don't want a night flight.
- There's a Swissair Flight SR 871 out of London at 9.20. It flies direct and arrives at 11.05.
- When am I supposed to check in?
- If you are going to the airport, you must be there before 8.20
- Thank you.
4
- Hello, Ann. Haven't seen you for ages. How are you getting on?
- Hello, Susan. Frankly speaking, so-so.
- Why? Has anything happened? You look rather tired.
- I say, the problem is I have to get up very early these days and as you know I'm not an early riser. I can't awake at 6 a.m. by myself, so I set my alarm clock and get nervous all night.
- Have you changed your job? I remember you didn't have to get up at such an early hour of the morning.- Oh, no, certainly, not. But my boss has asked me to start my office hours at 7.45 this month. So I'm looking forward to the end of the month.
- Cheer up, dear. There are only 4 days left to the end of it.
- Hi, John, glad to see you. Where are you going with such a heavy bag? Are you leaving for anywhere?
- Hi, George, nice to meet you too. This heavy bag is full of books and I'm carrying them to the University library.
- Well, on foot. Why not take a bus?
- It's a fine day today. And then I usually walk to the University. It takes me about 20 minutes to get there and I'm always in time.
- Oh, it takes me three quarters to get here by bus. And buses start getting on my nerves.
- Why don't you go by metro?
- It's not very convenient for me as there's ho station near my place.
6
- Kate, there's neither cheese nor milk in the fridge. Will you go to the shop, dear?
- Well, mummy, I'm so busy now. I'm preparing for my English test now. Let Jack go shopping, he has more free time and then he always does the shopping at this time.
- Jack isn't in, he has just left for the University. He has to prepare a report for a seminar.
- I see. I'm going, mum.
7
- Hi, Mark. How's college?
- Great. I'm having such a good time. I used to study harder when I was at secondary school.
- You're so lucky to be a year older than me . I'm still studying four hours a night.
- I know. It's funny, but it seems like only yesterday that we were children. Now here I am, an undergraduate at university, and next year you will be too.
- If I pass my exams.
- Of course, you will.
8
- Are you still learning English?
- Yes, but I don't always get enough time for it. I have so many other problems to solve.
- So have I. I can read English well now but it's difficult for me to speak English. And I can't always understand people when they speak English to me.
- Do you try to listen to the native English speakers?
- Of course, I do. It helps me to understand English. But I want to speak English too.
- Then you must speak English with your friends all the time. It's the best way to master the language.
- You are quite right. Thank you, I'll follow your advice.
9
- John, listen, why don't you relax tonight. Take a night off and come out with me.
- I can't. I've got to study for an exam.
- What exam are you taking?
- It's one of the most important problems now - the law history.
- Oh, I remember it. This exam isn't really very easy. But you don't have to worry. Nobody ever fails.
- Well, I'm in real trouble if I don't pass.
- I hear you've made a very good report on the subject and you were given a good mark. Is it really so?
- Yea, but...
- John, pull yourself together and everything will be O.K. Good luck.
- Thanks.
Grammar
Use much, many, little or few.
1. Robert wrote so ... letters that he's never going to write a letter again. 2. She ate so ... ice cream that she's going to have a sore throat. 3. There is ... mayonnaise in Vera's kitchen. She has to go to the supermarket and buy some. 4. There are ... cookies in the box. I should have bought them last Monday. 5. Does your sister read ... ? — Yes, she does. And your brother? — Oh, he doesn't. He has so ... books, but he reads very .... 6. Have you ... work to do today? — No, not very .... 7. Walk quicker, please. We have very ... time. 8. I am sorry to say, I have read very ... books by Walter Scott. 9. My broter is a young teacher. Every day he spends ... time preparing for his lessons. 10. I know very ... about the writer. It is the first book I am reading. 11. The pupils of our class ask ... questions at the lesson. They want to know everything. 12. You do not make mistakes in your spelling.
Приложение
Деловая переписка
В этом разделе представлена информация о правилах деловой переписки на английском языке. Здесь вы найдете как общеупотребительные в деловой переписке слова и выражения, так и готовые примеры писем на различную тематику.
Составление любого делового письма на английском языке подчиняется общим правилам:
• Весь текст разделяется на абзацы без использования красной строки.
• В верхнем левом углу письма указывается полное имя отправителя или название компании с адресом.
• Далее указывается имя адресата и название компании, которой письмо предназначено, а также ее адрес (с новой строки).
• Дата отправления указывается тремя строками ниже или в верхнем правом углу письма.
• Основной текст должен быть помещен в центральной части письма.
• Главная мысль письма может начинаться с причины обращения: «I am writing to you to ...»
• Обычно письмо заканчивается высказыванием благодарности («Thank you for your prompt help...») и приветствием «Yours sincerely,» если автор знает имя адресата и 'Yours faithfully', если нет.
• Четырьмя строками ниже ставится полное имя автора и должность.
• Подпись автора ставится между приветствием и именем.
Деловое письмо
Образец делового письма на английском:
Mr Denis Shevchuk
INTERFINANCE-company
Office 2002, Entrance 1B
Tverskaya Street
Moscow
RUSSIA 20 June 2018
Dear Denis,
I'm writing to you in regard of your enquiry. Please find enclosed our information pack which contains our brochures and general details on our schools and summer centres.
In England we have two schools, Brighton and Bath, both beautiful locations which I am sure you and your students will like. Our schools are located in attractive premises in convenient, central positions. Brighton is a clean and safe town with a beautiful bay and countryside nearby. Bath is one of the most famous historic cities in England, famous for its Georgian architecture and Roman Baths.
Accommodation is provided in host families chosen for the ability to provide comfortable homes, a friendly welcome and a suitable environment, in which students can practice English and enjoy their stay. We have full-time Activities Organisers responsible for sports, cultural activities and weekly excursions.
Please complete and return the enclosed registration form in order to receive more brochures and other promotional materials.
I look forward to hearing from you and later hope to welcome your students to our schools and summer centres.
Yours sincerely,
Tomas Green
Managing Director
Письмо-запрос информации
Письмо-запрос информации (Inquiry Letter) отправляются, когда необходимо получить более подробную информацию о интересующем вас товаре или услуге. В начале письма следует поместить название и адрес вашей компании, ниже должно идти название компании, в которую вы обращаетесь. Составить текст письма вы можете с помощью следующих стандартных выражений. 1. Официальное обращение, поскольку с адресатом вы не знакомы.
Dear Sir or Madam, Dear Sirs
2. Указание источника информации о компании
With reference to your advertisement (ad) in...Относительно вашей рекламы в …
Regarding your advertisement (ad) in ...Касательно вашей рекламы в …
3. Просьба выслать необходимые данные
Сould you please send me ... Не могли бы вы выслать мне …
I would be grateful if you could… Я был бы благодарен, если вы…
Can you give me some information about… Можете ли вы дать мне информацию о…
Could you send me more details… Могли бы вы выслать мне подробную информацию…
4. Дополнительные вопросы
I would also like to know ... Я бы также хотел узнать…
Could you tell me whether ...Скажите, пожалуйста…
5. Подпись
Yours faithfully, Искренне Ваш, (если имя Вам не известно)
Yours sincerely, (если имя Вам известно)
Пример
Kenneth Beare
2520 Visita Avenue
Olympia, WA 98501
Jackson Brothers
3487 23rd Street
New York, NY 12009
September 12, 2000
Dear Sirs,
With reference to your advertisement in yesterday's “New York Times”, could you please send me a copy of your latest catalogue. I would also like to know if it is possible to make purchases online.
Yours faithfully,
(Signature)
Kenneth Beare
Administrative Director
English Learners & Company
Письмо-ответ на запрос информации
Когда компания получает письмо (Inquiry Letter) с просьбой выслать подробную информацию о ее продукции, товаре или услуге, в ответном письме очень важно произвести благоприятное впечатление на потенциального клиента или партнера. Вежливый, грамотно составленный ответ обязательно будет способствовать созданию подобного впечатления.
1. Обращение
Dear Mr, Ms
2. Благодарность за оказанное внимание
Thank you for your letter of … Спасибо за ваше письмо…
We would like to thank you for enquiring about ...Мы хотели бы поблагодарить вас за проявленный интерес…
3. Предоставление требуемой информации
We are pleased to enclose ...Мы с удовольствием вкладываем…
Enclosed you will find ...В прикрепленном файле вы найдете...
We enclose ...Мы прилагаем…
4. Ответ на дополнительные вопросы
We would also like to inform you ...Мы также хотели бы сообщить вам о…
Regarding your question about ... Относительно вашего вопроса о…
In answer to your question (enquiry) about ... Отвечая на ваш вопрос…
5. Высказывание надежды на дальнейшее плодотворное сотрудничество
We look forward to ...Мы надеемся …
hearing from you … услышать вас снова …
receiving your order … получить от вас заказ …
welcoming you as our client (customer) … что вы станете нашим клиентом …
6. Подпись
Помните, когда вы обращаетесь к человеку, имя которого вам не известно, следует писать 'Yours faithfully' и когда имя известно – 'Yours sincerely',
Пример ответа на запрос информации
Jackson Brothers
3487 23rd Street
New York, NY 12009
Kenneth Beare
Administrative Director
English Learners & Company
2520 Visita Avenue
Olympia, WA 98501
September 12, 2000
Dear Mr Beare,
Thank you for your enquiry of 12 September asking for the latest edition of our catalogue.
We are pleased to enclose our latest brochure. We would also like to inform you that it is possible to make purchases online at http://www.litres.ru
We look forward to welcoming you as our customer.
Yours sincerely,
(Signature)
Письмо-жалоба
Письмо, содержащее жалобу или претензии по качеству приобретенного товара и оказанных услуг, называется Complaint Letter. Основная цель такого письма – передать полную информацию по возникшей проблеме. Письмо также может выступать в качестве официального документа, уведомляющего о необходимости проведения проверки и устранения неполадок.
Письмо должно содержать всю необходимую информацию, касающуюся данной услуги или товара. Напишите полное название и описания товара, дату приобретения или указания услуги и т.д. Ваша цель – объяснить все детали, но не перегружать письмо ненужными подробностями. Кроме того, необходимо указать ваши пожелания, условия и сроки устранения проблем.
Кому адресовать данное письмо?
При приобретении товара или заключении договора, на предоставление услуг, вы получаете контактный адрес или телефон человека, который может решить все возникшие сложности. Обычно в небольших компаниях эти вопросы решает владелец компании. В организациях среднего уровня – его заместитель или высший руководящий состав. В крупных компаниях обычно существует отдел по работе с клиентами, который занимается решением таких вопросов.
Из каких основных частей состоит письмо?
1. Вступление
Name of Contact Person
Title, if available
Company Name
Consumer Complaint Division
Street Address
City, State, Zip Code
Dear (Contact Person):
2. Введение, содержащее информацию приобретенном товаре либо услуге.
On (the 1st of July), I (bought, leased, rented, or had repaired) a (name of the product, with serial or model number or service performed) at (location and other important details of the transaction).
1 июля я (приобрел, сдал в наем, арендовал, отремонтировал) (полное название товара с серийным номером или вид услуги) по адресу … (далее указывается другая важная информация о совершенной сделке)
I am writing to draw your attention to a problem in your customer service section.
Я пишу, чтобы привлечь ваше внимание к проблеме в отделе по работе с клиентами.
I wish to complaint in the strongest possible terms about the treatment I received from a member of your staff
Я бы хотел выразить претензии к обращению со мной вашего сотрудника.
I am writing to express my strong dissatisfaction with the goods I received this morning.
Я пишу, чтобы выразить недовольство продуктами, полученными сегодня утром.
I am writing to complain about the quality of the product I purchased on-line from your website.
Я пишу, чтобы выразить недовольство качеством продуктов, заказанных на вашем сайте.
I am writing in connection with the negative attitude of a member of your staff.
Я пишу в связи с негативным отношением члена вашей компании.
3. Описание возникшей проблемы
Unfortunately, your product (or service) has not performed well (or the service was inadequate) because (state the problem). I am disappointed because (explain the problem: for example, the product does not work properly, the service was not performed correctly, I was billed the wrong amount, something was not disclosed clearly or was misrepresented, etc.).
К сожалению, ваш товар ( услуга) не отвечает необходимым требованиям , так как (указывается проблема). Я разочарован, поскольку (объясняется ситуация: например, прибор плохо работает не качественно, мне предъявили неправильную сумму к оплате, что-то не было объяснено)
The equipment I ordered has still not been delivered, despite my phone call to you last week to say that it was needed urgently.
Заказанное оборудование все еще не доставлено, несмотря на то, что я уже звонил вам на прошлой недели и сообщил, что оно требуется немедленно.
To resolve the problem, I would appreciate it if you could (state the specific action you want—money back, charge card credit, repair, exchange, etc.). Enclosed are copies of my records (include copies of receipts, guarantees, warranties, cancelled checks, contracts, model and serial numbers, and any other documents).
Для решения проблемы, я был бы благодарен, если вы (указываются ваши требования: вернете деньги, кредит, проведете ремонт, произведете обмен и т.д.) Копии документов прилагаются (приложите копии квитанции, гарантийный талон, анулированые чеки, контракты и другие документы).
I look forward to your reply and the resolution of my problem, and will wait until (set a time limit) before seeking help from a consumer protection agency or the Better Business Bureau. Please contact me at the above address or by phone at (home and/or office numbers with area code).
Я жду вашего ответа с решением по моей проблеме и буду ждать до ( указывается крайний срок) прежде чем обратиться за помощью в организацию по защите прав потребителей. Свяжитесь со мной по следующему адресу или телефону ( уазывается адрес и номер телефона)
Please deal with this matter urgently. I expect a reply from you by tomorrow morning at the latest.
Пожалуйста, решите эту проблему немедленно. Я жду вашего ответа не позднее завтрашнего утра.
I insist on a full refund otherwise I will be forced to take the matter further.
Я настаиваю на полном возмещении расходов, иначе я буду вынужден …
Unless I receive the goods by the end of this week, I will have no choice but to cancel my order.
Если я не получу данный товар до конца недели, у меня не будет другого выбора, кроме как аннулировать заказ.
I hope that you will deal with this matter promptly as it is causing me considerable inconvenience.
Я надеюсь, вы разберетесь с этим делом немедленно, поскольку это доставляет мне серьезные неудобства.
4. Окончание письма
Yours sincerely/Yours faithfully
Your name
Письмо-принесение извинений
Письмо с извинениями (Apology Letter) отправляется в ответ на письмо-жалобу (Complaint Letter). Начать следует с выражения сожаления, личной обеспокоенности сложившейся ситуацией. Необходимо объяснить, какие шаги будут/были предприняты, чтобы устранить проблему и избежать ее повторения в будущем. Ниже вы найдете несколько фраз, используемых при написании Apology Letter
1. Выражение признательности за сообщение о сложившейся ситуации
Thank you for bringing the matter/issue/problem to our attention. Спасибо, что сообщили нам об этом деле/проблеме.
I appreciated your advising me of this incident… Для меня очень важно ваше сообщение.
2. Выражение сожаления.
We are very sorry to hear that… Нам тяжело слышать об этом..
I am very sorry for this situation… Я очень сожалею о сложившейся ситуации.
3. Извинение
We apologise for…Мы просим прощения за…
Please accept our apologises for…Примите наши извинения…
4. Объяснение действий компании
Please be assured that we will…Будьте уверены, что мы…
You have my assurance that …Я гарантирую вам…
To compensate for the inconvenience caused…Для возмещения причиненных неудобств…
We are doing everything we can do to resolve the issue. Мы делаем все возможное для решения проблем
I can assure you that this will not happen again. Обещаю, что это впредь это не повториться
I am trying to sort it out/sort the problem out as a matter of urgency. Я пытаюсь разобраться с этим/ решить эту проблему немедленно
Please return the faulty goods, and we will refund you/repair them/replace them. Пожалуйста, верните некачественный товар и мы возместим ваши затраты/произведем ремонт/обменяем его.
5. Напоминание о большой важности для совместного сотрудничества
We value your custom highly. Для нас очень важно сотрудничество с вами.
Your satisfaction is our priorit
Написание e-mail
Электронная почта стала основной формой общения между представителями различных организаций по самым разным вопросам. Следуйте следующим правилам при общении по электронной почте:
1. Хорошо представьте себе адресата. Оттого, кому вы пишите, будет зависеть стиль письма. Чем ближе отношения – тем меньше формальностей.
2. Составляйте послание по возможности кратким и четким. Это правило распространяется на все виды делового общения, но для электронной почты становится наиболее актуальным, поскольку воспринимать информацию с монитора сложнее, чем с листа. Дайте возможность вашему адресату ответить также коротко. Например, вместо того, чтобы писать:” Let me know what you think”, лучше поставить вопрос так:”Is 3 PM or 5 PM best for you?”
3. Поле “тема” должно быть заполнено так, чтобы четко отражать основную идею письма.
4. Приветствие (Dear Sir/Madam) не обязательно для стандартной переписки, однако в деловых письмах не будут лишним.
5. В первых словах надо сформулировать, в связи с чем вы пишите письмо: вы отвечаете, назначаете встречу или высказываете свои соображения в связи с чем-то. Например: I am replying to your letter dated 15 January 2007 wherein you asked for information concerning our Spring courses on Business Writing.
6. Если в электронном письме вы начинаете слово с заглавной буквы, это означает, что вы хотите выделить его, как наиболее важную мысль.
7. Длина каждой строки не должна превышать 65 знаков, в противном случае текст может исказиться при прочтении письма на другом компьютере.
8. Письмо должно быть хорошо структурировано – вступление, основная часть (факты) и вывод.
9. KISS (Keep it short and simple). Помните, что вероятно ваш адресат получает десяток писем в день – стоит экономить его время.
10. Использование стандартных сокращений, характерных для повседневной переписки , такие как ”IMHO” ( In My Honest Opinion) также не приветствуются.
11. Тщательно проверьте письмо, изменить или удалить его после отправки уже нельзя.
12. Обратный электронный адрес и имя отправителя лучше написать в конце письма, на случай если письмо будет выведено на печать.
13. Общение по электронной почте предполагает активное взаимодействие поэтому, получив электронное письмо, на которое вы не можете ответить немедленно, следует отправить сообщение о получении письма и предполагаемом времени отправки полного ответа.
Как обратиться с просьбой
• Если вы пишите начальнику – будьте предельно вежливы, особенно, если вы не уверены, что он(а) знает ваше имя.
I would be grateful if…
• Если вы пишите коллеге и он(а) не является вашим другом, выберите нейтральный стиль – средний между формальным и неформальным.
Could you..?
• Если вы пишите малознакомому человеку – будьте вежливы.
I wonder if you could..?
• Если вы пишите работнику другой компании – стиль должен зависеть оттого, знакомы ли вы с ним/ней или обращаетесь впервые.
I would be grateful if… (к незнакомому)
Could you..? (к знакомому)
Составление резюме
Составление удачного резюме на английском языке часто является одной из самых сложных задач при поиске работы за границей или в западной компании. Правильно составленное резюме существенно повышает шансы соискателя при трудоустройстве (http://www.deniskredit.ru).
Форма резюме на английском
Составление удачного резюме на английском языке часто является одной из самых сложных задач при поиске работы за границей или в западной компании. Резюме должно отвечать всем необходимым требованиям, но при этом выгодно отличать вас от других претендентов на данную должность.Вам придется подвести итог своему жизненному опыту на 1-2 страницах, осветив при этом свои наиболее выдающиеся достижения. Обычно, работодатель не читает полностью каждое резюме, поэтому необходимо сразу заинтересовать его самой важной информацией.
В помощь тем, кто претендует на солидную должность в международной компании или собирается испытать себя в поиске работы за пределами России, предлагается несколько советов по составлению резюме на английском языке и образец резюме на английском.
В США резюме принято называть Resume, в Европе – CV (Curriculum Vitae).
Стандартная форма резюме европейского уровня включает в себя 6 основных частей:
1. Личная информация (Personal Information)
2. Цель (Objective)
3. Опыт работы (Work Experience)
4. Образование (Education)
5. Специальные навыки (Additional Skills)
6. Рекомендации (References)
Основные моменты, которые должны быть учтены при составлении резюме:
1.Во-первых, весь ваш опыт работы, оплачиваемый и неоплачиваемый, с полной занятостью и по совместительству. Вспомните все виды деятельности, которые входили когда-либо в ваши обязанности.
2. Ваше образование: получение ученых степеней, свидетельств об окончании различных учебных заведений.
3. Какая-либо дополнительная деятельность: членство в различных организациях, служба в армии и т.д.
4. Выберите из предыдущих пунктов факты, наиболее, по вашему мнению, важные, в будущей работе, именно они и составят основу вашего резюме.
5. Резюме следует начать с личной информации (Personal Information). Напишите полностью свое имя, укажите адрес, телефон, электронный адрес.
6. Следующим пунктом является цель вашего устройства на данную должность (Objective). В нескольких словах опишите работу, которой вы хотите заняться и причины, по которым вы считаете свою кандидатуру подходящей для нее. Представьте ваши самые важные достижения в данной области. Рекламируя себя с наилучшей стороны, показывая, в чем именно вы преуспели, вы будете выгодно отличаться от других претендентов на данную должность, просто перечисляющих свои способности. Рассказывая о себе, используйте больше прилагательных, это сделает текст более ярким и иллюстративным, вот краткий перечень наиболее употребимых слов:
• directed, led managed, supervised;
• achieved, delivered, drove, generated, grew, increased, initiated, instituted and launched;
• cut, decreased, reduced, slashed;
• accelerated, created, developed, established, implemented, instituted, performed, pioneered, planned, produced, re-engineered, restructured, saved and transformed.
Избегайте таких клише, как:
Dynamic,
people-oriented
results-oriented
self-motivated
hands-on leader
visionary
7. После этого перейдите к описанию опыта работы (Work Experience). Начать нужно с вашего последнего места работы. Необходимо дать название компании, род ее деятельности, вашу должность. Рассказывая о вашем предыдущем опыте, не стесняйтесь упомянуть о своихдостижениях. Перечисляйте места своей предыдущей работы в обратном хронологическом порядке, начиная с последнего.
8. Распространенной ошибкой является построение резюме по “функциональному” принципу, разделяя весь опыт работы на группы в зависимости от рода деятельности. Это может стать настоящим провалом для претендента на работу, так как работодатель может и не прочитать его резюме. Не указывайте причин смены работы, это может выглядеть как оправдание или указать на ваши возможные недостатки. В пункте, посвященном вашему образованию (Education) опишите когда, какое учебное заведение вы окончили, какую получили специальность. Не забудьте перечислить все дополнительные квалификации, стажировки, относящиеся к той должности, которую вы хотели бы получить.
9. Дополнительная информация, такая как уровень владения иностранными языками, умение работать с компьютером, наличие водительских прав и тому подобная, должна быть перечислена в пункте специальные навыки (Additional Skills), если она имеет отношение к вашим обязанностям в новой должности.
10. Обычно резюме заканчивается пунктом рекомендации (References), в котором нужно назвать несколько людей с предыдущей работы (желательно непосредственных начальников) с указанием должности, названием организации, контактным телефоном, электронным адресом, которые могли бы за вас поручиться. Выпускники вузов, не имеющие опыта работы, могут назвать в качестве поручителя декана или заведующего кафедрой.
11. Последний пункт можно заменить фразой “ REFERENCES Available upon request.”
12. Объем резюме молодого специалиста не должен превышать 1 страницы, если же у вас за плечами большой стаж работы, информацию о себе нужно разместить не более чем на двух страницах.
13. Сделайте ваш документ удобным для чтения. Сформировав общий план резюме, убедитесь, что в нем есть достаточно чистого пространства. Верхнее и нижнее поля должны быть не менее 1.5 сантиметров высотой, а боковые поля не менее 2. Между отдельными частями резюме оставляйте пробелы. Жирным шрифтом выделяйте названия пунктов, а также названий компаний и имена. Если ваше резюме будет составлено неаккуратно и будет неудобно для чтения, не многие захотят с ним ознакомиться. Не подчеркивайте слова и не используйте курсив, для придания выразительности. Такие уловки скорее снизят общее впечатление от прочитанного.
14. Не применяйте редкие шрифты для привлечения внимания читателя. Оригинальный шрифт не приветствуется в деловой документации, по одной этой причине его могут и не прочитать. Для полной уверенности, используйте такие стандартные шрифты, как Arial, Garamond, Helvetica, Tahoma or Times Roman. Не начинайте каждое предложение одинаковыми фразами и не вводите личные местоимения. Чтобы сделать текст более выразительным используйте разнообразную лексику.
15. Пишите резюме конкретно для определенной вакансии.
Цель написания резюме – получить конкретную должность в определенной компании. Поэтому рассказывать следует о том, что будет важно на новом месте работы. Пропускайте то, что не представляет большого значения. Чем меньше вы будете упоминать незначительные факты, тем большое значение приобретет самое главное.
Если вы посылаете резюме в различные компании, пишите отдельные резюме для каждого конкретного места.
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